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Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere
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Colorado State University
  • Home
  • Welcome & About
    • About CIRA
      • Jobs
      • Letter from Christian Kummerow:
      • Map & Directions
      • Organizational Structure
      • Reports
      • Room Schedules
      • Staff Directory
      • Strategic Plan
      • Vision & Mission Statement
    • Themes
      • Climate and Weather Processes
      • Competitive Projects
      • Data Assimilation
      • Data Distributions
      • Education and Outreach
      • Modeling Systems Research
      • NOAA Projects
      • Satellite Algorithm Development, Training and Education
      • Societal and Economic Impact Studies
    • Collaborative Groups
      • Colorado Climate Center
      • National Park Service
      • Regional and Mesoscale Meteorology Branch
  • Teams
    • Colorado Teams:
      • NOAA/Earth System Research Lab (ESRL) – Boulder, CO
      • Air Quality – Fort Collins, CO
      • Atmospheric Science (ATS) – Fort Collins, CO
      • Carbon – Fort Collins, CO
      • CIRA Software Engineering Group (CSEG) – Fort Collins, CO
      • Data Assimilation (DA) – Fort Collins, CO
      • Data Processing Centers (DPC) – Fort Collins, CO
      • Independent – Fort Collins, CO
      • MetSat – Fort Collins, CO
      • Regional and Mesoscale Meteorology Branch (RAMMB) – Fort Collins, CO
      • Training – Fort Collins, CO
      • Tropical Cyclone – Fort Collins, CO
    • Other Location Teams:
      • National Hurricane Center – Miami, FL
      • NESDIS Environmental Applications Team (NEAT) – College Park, MD
      • NWS/Meteorological Development Laboratory (MDL) – Silver Spring, MD
      • NWS/Aviation Weather Center (AWC) – Kansas City, MO
      • Office of Marine and Aviation Operations (OMAO-Training) – Kansas City, MO
  • News & Events
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      • CIRA Administration News
      • Magazines
      • Reports
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      • Air Quality Research
        • Improve
        • VIEWS
      • CIRA Algorithm Testbed
      • CIRA Weather Station
      • RAMMB SLIDER
    • Data
      • CloudSat Data Processing Center
      • ECMWF Nature Run
      • RAMSDIS Online
        • GOES-West / GOES-East
        • Synthetic Forecast Imagery
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        • Suomi NPP VIIRS Imagery
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Christman Field Latest Observations
Date Time
MST
Temp
°F
RH
%
DewPt
°F
Wind
mph
Dir
°
Gust
mph
Dir
°
Press
in Hg
Solar
W/m^2
Prec
in
2021-04-21 19:40 30.6 94.1 29.1 3.1 128 4.6 115 0.000 0.0 0.00
2021-04-21 19:35 30.6 94.0 29.1 3.8 114 5.9 122 0.000 0.0 0.00
2021-04-21 19:30 30.6 93.9 29.1 3.0 133 6.7 119 0.000 0.0 0.00
2021-04-21 19:25 30.6 93.8 29.1 4.0 95 6.0 117 0.000 0.0 0.00
2021-04-21 19:20 30.6 93.8 29.1 4.3 124 6.4 140 0.000 0.0 0.00
2021-04-21 19:15 30.7 93.7 29.1 3.6 123 5.3 134 0.000 0.0 0.00
2021-04-21 19:10 30.7 93.6 29.1 2.9 128 4.3 133 0.000 0.0 0.00
2021-04-21 19:05 30.7 93.4 29.1 3.3 152 4.9 144 0.000 0.3 0.00
2021-04-21 19:00 30.7 93.0 28.9 3.6 151 5.2 144 0.000 0.5 0.00
2021-04-21 18:55 30.8 93.0 29.0 3.6 154 4.4 152 0.000 0.9 0.00
2021-04-21 18:50 30.7 93.2 29.0 2.7 155 5.7 113 0.000 1.4 0.00
2021-04-21 18:45 30.7 93.3 29.0 2.7 130 4.8 95 0.000 1.9 0.00
2021-04-21 18:40 30.7 93.3 29.0 2.9 107 4.6 106 0.000 2.6 0.00
2021-04-21 18:35 30.7 93.3 29.0 2.5 96 4.1 85 0.000 3.0 0.00
2021-04-21 18:30 30.6 93.2 28.9 2.1 94 4.0 123 0.000 4.4 0.00
2021-04-21 18:25 30.7 93.3 29.0 3.3 99 5.7 139 0.000 5.3 0.00
2021-04-21 18:20 30.7 93.3 29.0 3.1 122 4.4 117 0.000 6.9 0.00
2021-04-21 18:15 30.7 93.0 28.9 2.8 128 3.8 128 0.000 9.0 0.00
2021-04-21 18:10 30.6 92.7 28.7 2.3 110 4.2 136 0.000 11.4 0.00
2021-04-21 18:05 30.6 92.3 28.7 3.3 119 4.1 123 0.000 12.7 0.00
2021-04-21 18:00 30.7 91.9 28.6 2.7 129 4.2 141 0.000 16.6 0.00
2021-04-21 17:55 30.8 91.5 28.6 2.1 127 3.2 139 0.000 21.0 0.00
2021-04-21 17:50 30.7 91.3 28.5 2.1 99 3.6 120 0.000 34.3 0.00
2021-04-21 17:45 30.6 90.6 28.2 3.1 108 4.8 109 0.000 29.4 0.00
2021-04-21 17:40 30.6 90.6 28.2 3.3 67 4.8 110 0.000 35.5 0.00
2021-04-21 17:35 30.6 91.1 28.3 3.3 107 5.0 105 0.000 31.9 0.00
2021-04-21 17:30 30.7 91.4 28.5 3.1 92 4.6 89 0.000 31.5 0.00
2021-04-21 17:25 30.7 91.4 28.5 2.7 116 4.0 103 0.000 34.7 0.00
2021-04-21 17:20 30.7 91.4 28.5 3.4 79 4.2 109 0.000 41.2 0.00
2021-04-21 17:15 30.7 91.4 28.5 3.2 92 4.8 101 0.000 46.0 0.00
CIRA

Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere

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Removing Solar Radiative Effect from the VIIRS M12 Band at 3.7 μm for Daytime Sea Surface Temperature Retrievals


Operational sea surface temperature (SST) retrieval algorithms are stratified into nighttime and daytime. The nighttime algorithm uses two split-window Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) bands—M15 and M16, centered at ~11 and ~12 m, respectively—and a shortwave infrared band—M12, centered at ~3.7 m. The M12 is most transparent and critical for accurate SST retrievals. However, it is not used during the daytime because of contamination by solar radiation, which is reflected by the ocean surface and scattered by atmospheric aerosols. As a result, daytime VIIRS SST and cloud mask products and applications are degraded and inconsistent with their nighttime counterparts. This study proposes a method to remove the solar contamination from the VIIRS M12 based on theoretical radiative transfer model analyses. The method uses either of the two VIIRS shortwave bands, centered at 1.6 m (M10) or 2.25 m (M11), to correct for the effect of solar reflectance in M12. Subsequently, the corrected daytime brightness temperature in M12 can be used as input into nighttime cloud mask and SST algorithms. Preliminary comparisons with the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) SST analysis suggest that the daytime SST products can be improved and potentially reconciled with the nighttime SST product. However, more substantial case studies and assessments using different SST products are required before the transition of this research work into operational products.

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